LiNbO3
On its excellent optical and electrical properties, LiNbO3 is one of the most important materials used for the field of optics and electronics, such as laser components, wafers for surface acoustic wave devices, wafers for integrated optics applications and doped LiNbO3 crystals for nonlinear optics (MgO
iNbO3, ZnO: LiNbO3), photo-refractive effects devices (Fe
iNbO3), etc.
OPO, Frequency and Quasi-Phase-Matched (QPM) Doublers
LiNbO3 is commonly applied as not only frequency doubler (wavelength 1 mm) but optical parameter oscillator (OPO) pumped at 1.064 mm, as well quasi-phase-matched (QPM) doubler. HROPTICS supplies laser-grade LiNbO3 devices of (3-20) x (3-20) mm2 aperture and up to 60 mm length for frequency doubler and optical parameter oscillator, with high quality, large quantity and low price. Its properties show as follows:
|
Crystal Structure |
Trigonal, point group 3m |
|
Lattice Parameters |
a=5.148Å, c=13.863Å |
|
Density |
4.64 g/cm3 |
|
Melting Point |
1250 °C |
|
Curie Point |
1160 °C |
|
Mohs Hardness |
5 |
Dielectric Constant |
e11/e0 = 85; e33/e0 = 29.5 |
|
Absorption Coefficient |
~ 0.1%/cm @1064 nm |
|
Thermal Conductivity |
38 W/m/°C at 25°C |
|
Thermal Expansion Coefficient |
a1=a2 =2x10-6/°C, a3=2.2x10-6/ °C at 25°C |
|
Piezoelectric Strain Constant |
d22 = 2.04 x 10-11 C/N, d33 = 19.22 x 10-11 C/N |
|
Elastic Stiffness Constant |
CE11 = 2.04 x 1011 N/m2, CE33 = 2.46 x 1011 N/m2 |
|
Transparency Region |
3700 ~ 5000 nm |
|
Sellmeier Equations (l in mm) |
no2 = 4.9048+0.11768/(l2-0.0475)-0.027169l2 ne2 = 4.5820+0.099169/(l2-0.04443)-0.02195l2 |
|
Optical Homogeneity |
Dn ~ 5x105/cm2 |
|
Nonlinear Coefficients |
deff=13.6 d36(KDP) for OPO at 1064 nm deff =14.6 d36(KDP) for SHG at 1300 nm deff =45.0 d36(KDP) for QPM |
|
Refractive Indexes |
no ne2.220 2.146 @ 1300 nm 2.322 2.156 @ 1064 nm 2.286 2.203 @ 632.8 nm |
Electro-optic Coefficients (pm/V) |
Low frequency High frequencyg33 32 31 g31 10 8.6 g22 6.8 3.4 |
|
Damage Threshold |
250 KW/cm2 at 1064 nm (10 ns) |
X-CUT
76.2 diameter*0.5---1.0mm HR-LNX0305-10
Z-CUT
76.2 diameter*0.5---1.0mm HR-LNZ0305-10
Y-CUT
76.2 diameter*0.5---1.0mm HR-LNY0305-10
127.86° Y-cut,
76.2 diameter*0.50mm HR-LNY1040305
64° Y-cut,
76.2 diameter*0.5mm HR-LNY640305
Applications for Q-switch Elements
LiNbO3 is extensively used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as modulator for fiber optics, etc. The transverse modulation is mostly employed for LiNbO3. If a LiNbO3 crystal is used as Q-switch crystal, the light propagates in Z-axis and electric field applies to X-axis, the refractive retardation will be G = pLno3¡22V/ld. MgO
iNbO3 and ZnO: LiNbO3 crystals have similar electro-optic properties to LiNbO3 but with higher damage threshold. The specifications of LiNbO3 Q-Switch Elements listed as the following table:
LiNbO3 Q-Switch Elements
|
Standard Dimension |
9x9x25 or 10x10x20mm3 (other dimension is also available upon request) |
|
Dimension Tolerance |
X Y-axis: ± 0.1mm ; Z-axis: ± 0.3mm |
|
Wavefront Distortion |
l/4 @633nm |
|
Orientation Accuracy |
X Y-axis: 10'; Z-axis: 5' |
|
Flatness |
l/8 @632.8nm |
|
Parallelism |
10" |
|
Scratch/Dig Code |
10/5 per MIL-O-13830A |
|
Chamfer |
0.5 mm at 45º ± 5º |
|
AR-Coating |
R 0.2% @ 1064 nm |
|
Electrodes |
Gold electrode on X-faces |
|
Extinction Ratio |
400:1 @ 633 nm for f 6mm beam) |
`
LiNbO3 crystal is widely applied as an excellent acousto-optic material for surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices (such as filters, oscillators and resonators) and ultrasonic transducer due to its high electro-mechanical coupling factor, low acoustic transmission loss, stable physical and chemical properties.
HROPTICS can supply large quantities of LiNbO3 boules, as-cut or finished f3" wafers available up to 6,000~ 9,000 pieces per month with good quality and very low price. The basic specifications and typical properties for LiNbO3 SAW wafer are listed as following:
Bsic Specifications of LiNbO3 SAW Wafer
|
Standard Dimension |
f3.0² (±0.01²) x 0.51 mm (±0.05 mm) |
Typical Orientation |
1) 127.86° Y-cut, 2) 64° Y-cut, 3) Y-cut, 4) Z-cut |
Surfaces Finish |
One surface mirror polished to Ra less than 10Å, reverse surface fine ground |
Bow |
20 mm |
Typical properties of LiNbO3 SAW Wafer
Orientation |
127.86° Y-cut |
Y-cut |
|
SAW Velocity |
3970 m/s |
3485 m/s |
|
Electromechanical Coupling Factor |
Ks2=5.5% |
Ks2=4.3% |
|
Temperature Coeff. of Delay (TCD) |
78 x 10-6/°C |
95 x 10-6/°C |
|
Temperature Coeff. of Velocity (TCV) |
-60 x 10-6/°C |
-80 x 10-6/°C |
Aperture |
1.0 x 1.0 mm2 to 4 x 4 mm2 |
Dimension tolerance |
+/-0.05mm |
Wedge Angle tolerance |
+/-0.1o |
Optical axis orientation |
+/-0.5o |
Flatness |
l/4 @632.8 nm |
Surface Quality |
20-10 |
AR-coating |
R0.2% |
Standard Sizes |
a) 1.25mmx1.25mmx0.25mm(top end) or |
Cutting Angle |
q=90o, f=22.5o |
Wedge Angle |
13o or 15o |
Coating |
Two apertures AR coated typically for ~1550nm |
Quantities Available |
50,000 to 70,000 per month |
LiNbO3 crystal is the mostly used inorganic substrate for electro-optic waveguide applications.
Specifications of LiNbO3 Waveguide Substrates
|
Standard Dimension |
1) 50x50x1 mm3 for X-cut, Y-cut, or Z-cut 2) f 3"x1 m m3 for Y-cut or Z-cut 3) Other dimension is available upon request. |
|
Orientation Tolerance |
10' |
|
Surfaces Finish |
One surface polished to better than l/2 (with mount) and free from surface defects when observed by a 50X microscope, the other face fine ground |
. Magnesium Oxide Doped Lithium Niobate (MgO
iNbO3)
MgO
iNbO3 crystal is widely used for high power frequency doubling(SHG), mixing(SFG) and optical parameter oscillator(OPO). MgO
iNbO3 has similar effective nonlinear coefficients as pure LiNbO3. But it has the advantages such as high damage threshold (over 5 GW/cm2 @ 1064 nm, 12ns), noncritical phase matching (NCPM) at room temperature, excellent E-O and NLO properties, good mechanical and chemical properties compared with pure LiNbO3.
Its Sellmeier equations (7 mol% MgO doping) are:
no2 = 4.8762+0.115540/(l2-0.04674)-0.033119l2 (l in mm)
ne2 = 4.5469+0.094779/(l2-0.04439)-0.026721l2
Over 45% and 60% of SHG efficient are obtained in pulsed and cw Nd:YAG lasers respectively, by angle tuned phase matchable SHG of Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm) and NCPM SHG of laser lasers (1053 nm) of MgO
iNbO3 at room temperature. MgO
iNbO3 is also a good crystal for high power quasi-phase-matched waveguide structure for doubler, optical parametric oscillator (OPO) and amplifier (OPA).
HROPTICS supplies the typical sizes of MgO
iNbO3 crystals - 5x5x(20-30) mm3 for OPO and frequency doubler, (20-25)x(20-25)x1 mm3 for waveguide substrates. Other sizes and AR or HR-coatings are available upon request.
. Iron Doped Lithium Niobate (Fe
iNbO3)
Fe
iNbO3 is a excellent photorefractive crystal with high electro-optic coefficients, high photorefractive sensitivity and diffraction efficiency without applied electric field. Therefore, Fe
iNbO3 crystal will find the suitable applications in phase conjugation and holographic recording. High quality Fe
iNbO3 crystal, with size as large as f3" and iron doped concentrations from 0.01 to 0.1 atm%, could be supplied by HROPTICS Some special fabrications are also available to meet customers'
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激光模组用玻璃一字镜
一字镜(棒镜)
K玻璃材料
规格:Φ1*8mm Φ2*5mm Φ2mm*6mm Φ 2.5*4mm Φ 2.9*7.7mm Φ3*5mm Φ3*6mm Φ3*7mm Φ 4*5mm Φ 4*6mm Φ4*7mm Φ4.5*7mm Φ5*5mm Φ5*6mm Φ 5*7mm Φ5*8mm Φ6*8mm Φ6*9mm Φ9*22mm Φ10*22mm Φ10*60mm Φ10*85mm Φ32*22mm Φ2.3*110mm Φ3*150mm Φ4*200mm Φ5*200mm
F玻璃材料
规格:Φ1*8mm Φ2*5mm Φ2mm*6mm Φ 2.5*4mm Φ 2.9*7.7mm Φ3*5mm Φ3*6mm Φ3*7mm Φ 4*5mm Φ 4*6mm Φ4*7mm Φ4.5*7mm Φ5*5mm Φ5*6mm Φ 5*7mm Φ5*8mm Φ6*8mm Φ6*9mm Φ9*22mm Φ10*22mm Φ10*60mm Φ10*85mm Φ32*22mm Φ2.3*110mm Φ3*150mm Φ4*200mm Φ5*200mm
S玻璃材料
规格:Φ1*8mm Φ2*5mm Φ2mm*6mm Φ 2.5*4mm Φ 2.9*7.7mm Φ3*5mm Φ3*6mm Φ3*7mm Φ 4*5mm Φ 4*6mm Φ4*7mm Φ4.5*7mm Φ5*5mm Φ5*6mm Φ 5*7mm Φ5*8mm Φ6*8mm Φ6*9mm Φ9*22mm Φ10*22mm Φ10*60mm Φ10*85mm Φ32*22mm Φ2.3*110mm Φ3*150mm Φ4*200mm Φ5*200mm
地线仪用柱面镜
规格:9*9*4.5mm,8*8*4mm
激光模组用六棱镜
规格:4.5*5.5*9mm
激光模组用透镜
规格:Φ5*3,Φ8*3(单件、胶合件)
激光模组用窗口片
规格:Φ6*1mm Φ8*1mm Φ10*1mm AR0.02%@635-670nm
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