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onmouseover="this.title = $('recommendv_subtract').innerHTML + ' 人反对'"><i><img src="static/image/common/rec_subtract.gif" alt="反对" />反对<span id="recommendv_subtract">0</span></i></a> </div> </td> <td valign="top" class="album_side_r"> <div class="album_side"> <div class="hm mtn mbn"> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-12.html" target="_blank" class="xi2"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=12&size=small" /></a> <span class="tit_author"> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-12.html">这个夏天</a> </span> </div> <div class="date"><span>发布时间:</span> 2011-7-19 17:17</div> <div class="album_info"> <h3>正文摘要: </h3> <p> 本帖最后由 01ispcom 于 2011-7-19 17:24 编辑 美国两所大学与英特尔试制成功人工心脏无线供电系统 美国华盛顿大学（University of Washington，UW）、美国匹兹堡大学医学中心（University of P ...</p> </div> </div> </td> </tr> </table> </div> </div> <div class="bm vw pl" id="comment"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <h2>回复</h2> </div> <div class="bm_c"> <div id="postlistreply" class="xld xlda mbm"><div id="post_new" class="viewthread_table" style="display: none"></div></div><div id="post_878918" class="xld xlda mbm"><dl class="bbda cl"> <dd class="m avt"><a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-12.html"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=12&size=small" /></a></dd> <dt> <span class="y xw0"> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-12.html" target="_blank" class="xi2">这个夏天</a><em id="author_878918"> 发表于</em> <span class="xg1 xw0">2011-7-19 17:18:30</span> </dt> <dd class="z"><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_878918"> 对于患有严重心脏病的患者来说，心脏移植是唯一的途径。但实施这种手术的机会很少。尽管日本1997年颁布的《器官移植法》允许心脏移植，但迄今为止实施的手术不足100例。其原因是，器官提供者远远少于患者的数量。因此，日本患者远赴心脏移植技术发达国家——美国接受手术的现象络绎不绝，手术费用也高达1亿日元以上。 <br /> <br /> 在这种形势下，人工心脏为众多心脏病患者开辟了生命得以延续的道路。Carmat成立于2008年。由法国的心脏移植国际权威Alain Carpentier教授、大型宇航防务设备企业——欧洲宇航防务集团（EADS）、法国国家机构及风险投资公司等共同出资，这家公司肩负着国家威望开始挑战人工心脏的开发。 <br /> <br /> Carmat的技术被视为划时代技术的原因是，人工心脏有望长期使用。Carmat表示，至少可以使用5年。 <br /> <br /> 其实，此前已有美国企业等已经实现了完全人工心脏的产品化。但只允许被诊断为存活时间不到1个月的患者使用，应用范围有限。这种人工心脏仅仅起到了心脏移植手术之前的“过渡”作用。 <br /> <br /> 此前的人工心脏不耐用的原因是，不仅机械方面的耐久度不够，而且“血栓”问题严重。血液因某些原因凝固后，会在脑部及心脏等部位造成血流阻塞，有时甚至会引发脑梗塞及心肌梗塞等致命疾病。 <br /> <br /> Carmat认为，其原因是人工心脏内的金属部件等非生物材料与血液接触时，部分血液出现了流动阻塞，导致血栓形成。该公司营销主管Valerie Leroy表示，为此“我们实现了血液只与生物材料接触的特性”。 <br /> <br /> 血液接触的是，人工心脏中血液流入的部分、防止血液倒流的瓣膜、以及在人工心脏内部制作心室的膜。这些部位全部采用生物材料制成。 <br /> <br /> 据Carmat介绍，生物材料由Carpentier教授开发，已用于美国爱德华生命科学公司销售的瓣膜。这种材料结合使用了牛的心脏内膜与聚氨酯，即便用两手用力拉伸也不会损坏，具有很高的强度与柔软性。正是因为有了这种材料技术，血液才不会接触生物材料以外的部分，从而实现了难以形成血栓的人工心脏。 <br /> <br /> 使人工心脏的心室有规律收缩的是，注入心室外侧空间的润滑油（Oil）与小型电动泵。通过电动泵高速旋转带动润滑油移动，使左右心室交替收缩及扩大。“采用了收缩时血液可一滴不留地流出心室的设计”（营销主管Leroy）。这是为了防止血液停滞而产生血栓。 <br /> <br /> 人工心脏将如何植入呢？人的心脏由左右两个心房和心室共计4个腔体构成。人工心脏发挥左右两个心室的作用。因此，需要保留患者的两个心房，通过手术植入人工心脏。 <br /> </td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_878918" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_878918"></div> </div> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> new lazyload(); </script> <div 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