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</div> <div class="bm vw pl" id="comment"> <div class="bm_h cl"> <h2>回复</h2> </div> <div class="bm_c"> <div id="postlistreply" class="xld xlda mbm"><div id="post_new" class="viewthread_table" style="display: none"></div></div><div id="post_935998" class="xld xlda mbm"><dl class="bbda cl"> <dd class="m avt"><a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-114036.html"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=114036&size=small" /></a></dd> <dt> <span class="y xw0"> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-114036.html" target="_blank" class="xi2">duller</a><em id="author_935998"> 发表于</em> <span class="xg1 xw0">2011-10-7 10:03:28</span> </dt> <dd class="z"><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_935998"> 下一步：整合<br /> <br /> 目前车用MEMS市场的发展趋势是整合多个感测器、可支援的处理器以及通讯功能──通常还是有线的形式居多，但偶尔也整合无线功能，如TPMS应用。<br /> <br /> 然而，由于成本以及良率最佳化的考量，整合通常还是经由系统以封装技术来实现，而不是以单晶片的形式来进行整合。<br /> <br /> “这一发展趋势是在感测器模组中进行某种程度的整合；从两款MEMS和两款讯号调节IC整合为一，一直到两款MEMS元件和一款ASIC，”ST的Ferraresi表示。<br /> <br /> 整合加速度计与陀螺仪感测器以实现电子稳定性控制的发展趋势则可说是由博世(Bosch)和VTI Technologies公司从2010年开始，Robin说，“在稳定性控制方面，必须使用双轴陀螺仪才能实现导航、电子停车、煞车以及坡道启动辅助等应用。”同时，这些公司也开始采用三轴加速度计，以实现设备安装的灵活度；三轴元件的安装位置并不影响其性能。<br /> <br /> 除了MEMS压力感测器以外，TMPS模组中也存在整合的需求，包括讯号调节ASIC、微控制器、RF晶片和电池。这些需求也推动以压电能源采集作为为低功耗模组供电方法的研究，以及透过单晶片整合以实现节能等研究的各种可能性。另一项Bosch公司的成果是生产一种具有微控制器的2+1惯性感测器模组，它能以软体来区分不同的汽车应用。<br /> <br /> 然而，长远来看，MEMS的发展仍然存在着困境。这主要与制造能力有关。尽管一些代工厂可制造MEMS元件，以因应新创无晶圆MEMS公司的需求，但这些代工厂只能满足对于产品可靠度与耐用性需求较低的消费市场。<br /> <br /> 因此，对于汽车电子市场而言，整合元件制造商(IDM)仍将在MEMS领域扮演主要供应商的角色，包括Bosch或Denso等一线子系统制造商，以及如美商亚德诺(ADI)、飞思卡尔(Freescale)、英飞凌(IInfineon Technologies)与Panasonic等IDM厂商。<br /> <br /> 对众多新创业者而言，能在市场取得多大的成功，仍然受限于可掌握的制造技术与能力。<br /> <br /> 编译：Susan Hong<br /> <br /> (参考原文：Automotive MEMS drive themselves，by Peter Clarke)</td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_935998" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_935998"></div> </div> </dd> </dl> </div> <div id="post_935997" class="xld xlda mbm"><dl class="bbda cl"> <dd class="m avt"><a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-114036.html"><img src="http://www.oecr.com/uc_server/avatar.php?uid=114036&size=small" /></a></dd> <dt> <span class="y xw0"> </span> <a href="http://club.oecr.com/space-uid-114036.html" target="_blank" class="xi2">duller</a><em id="author_935997"> 发表于</em> <span class="xg1 xw0">2011-10-7 10:03:08</span> </dt> <dd class="z"><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_935997"> 转向三轴架构<br /> <br /> MEMS加速度计是透过测量移动物件与(晶片)参考框架之间的电容值而实现的。除了严密建构的悬置光束以外，该移动物件是以蚀刻掉两旁及其下部份以便与晶片实体隔离所形成的。由于此组装提供最大化电容，使得感测器的范围与灵敏度常会产生复杂的矽晶叉合。该移动物件支援使其受限于以垂直方向移动的光束，从而实现单轴自由移动，并能在块状矽中保持一定位置。<br /> <br /> 采用一维和二维架构的平面加速度计能用这种方式制造出来，但整合三维加速度计时就必须使用不同的结构。透过为弹簧进行几何与灵敏度校准后，就能产生可为所有三轴元件进行加速的图形。依据校准与微调方式的不同，典型的低重力加速度计可测得高达16g的满格加速度。<br /> <br /> MEMS陀螺仪的常见应用形式是振动，通常采用的是一种轮形的结构；当受力旋转时，它能让换能器以等量的运动方式检测柯氏项(Coriolis Term)。<br /> <br /> 红外线MEMS<br /> <br /> 根据 Yole的Robin表示，MEMS还有一项新兴的汽车市场应用──采用微型辐射热测定器与CMOS影像感测器，以实现具夜视功能的抬头显示器。<br /> <br /> 微型辐射热测定器的操作原理与影像感测器类似，二者都具有可对红外线辐射感光的画素阵列。但微型辐射热测定器必须隔绝吸热阵列与矽晶基底层，因而必须蚀刻掉深达2微米的牺牲层。<br /> <br /> 因此，微型辐射热测定器的制造原理更类似于惯性MEMS感测器。<br /> <br /> 同样地，高效率的车用夜视摄影机要能成为主流的市场应用也取决于法令的带动。其中一种应用的思考方向是可以在汽车挡风玻璃上显示有关用路人与动物行走的资讯，协助汽车驾驶避开路上的障碍物，并能在紧急情况下迅速启动自动煞车系统。<br /> <br /> 现正审核中的欧盟法规将会强制实施这种行人侦测机制，Robin并预期在这一强制令颁布后可望在2014或2015年时开启一个全新的应用市场。<br /> <br /> 持续研究这种技术的ADOSE与ICU + FNIR两项欧洲合作研究计划最近已告一段落了，提出了有关的先进驾驶辅助系统；而包括丰田(Toyota)、BMW和福特(Ford)等一些高级车也都经推出了夜视系统，Robin说。<br /> <br /> 此外，作为投影显示驱动器应用的扫描型微镜光学MEMS元件，也可望在投射式抬头显示器应用领域中占有一席之地，他补充说。</td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_935997" class="cm"> </div> <div id="post_rate_div_935997"></div> </div> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript"> new lazyload(); </script> <div class="wp mtn"> <!--[diy=diy3]--><div id="diy3" class="area"></div><!--[/diy]--> </div></div> </div> <!--autocomment filter by maxnum--> <div class="ft_wp"> <div 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