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</div><div class="pct"><style type="text/css">.pcb{margin-right:0}</style><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_193478"> <P align=center><B><a href="http://laser.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">激光</a>人眼损伤事故</B><B><p></p></B></P> <P align=center><B><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></B></P> <P >随着激光技术日益广泛地应用和接触激光人员的增多，激光意外人眼损伤不断发生，据不完全统计，迄今国内外已报道百余例，其中我国报道了<FONT face="Times New Roman">60</FONT>余例。眼是人与外界交流、获取信息的重要器官，一旦受到损伤，将带来极大的危害。<p></p></P> <P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> <P align=center><B>临床表现</B><B><p></p></B></P> <P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> <P >激光眼损伤事故以眼底视网膜为主，由于眼的注视功能，大部分损伤发生在黄斑中心区。伤后临床表现如下：<p></p></P> <P ><B>（一） </B><B>主觉症状</B><B><p></p></B></P> <P >事故发生时，多数受伤者感到眼前突然闪光，继而出现一个不同颜色、不同大小的光斑或暗影，个别人眼部有冲击感，与此同时，视力出现不同程度的下降，重者短时间内不能分清眼前物体，有的伤后出现数小时的目眩及畏光。如一位激光研究人员被巨脉冲<FONT face="Times New Roman">Nd:YAG</FONT>激光照射后，即感左眼前有明显强光，眼中有许多光环，并出现长时间的目眩，视物模糊，半小时后眼前发现暗影。<p></p></P> <P ><B>（二） </B><B>眼底改变及愈后</B><B><p></p></B></P> <P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>激光损伤后的眼底变化主要表现为受照射部位的视网膜水肿、灰白斑或出血等症状。为了分析方便，根据其轻重将损伤分为三级：<FONT face="Times New Roman">I</FONT>级损伤为灰白色凝固斑，大小不等，损伤直径为<FONT face="Times New Roman">1/5~2/4</FONT>视盘径（以下简称<FONT face="Times New Roman">PD</FONT>）；<FONT face="Times New Roman">II</FONT>级是直径<FONT face="Times New Roman">1PD</FONT>的视网膜圆形出血斑；<FONT face="Times New Roman">III</FONT>级为视网膜团桩或不规则形状的大出血，部分血液可流入玻璃体内，引起屈光介质浑浊。按以上分级标准统计，以<FONT face="Times New Roman">II</FONT>级损伤的发生率最高，有<FONT face="Times New Roman">21</FONT>只眼，占总数的<FONT face="Times New Roman">44.6%</FONT>。<p></p></P>经临床对症治疗后，I、II级损伤多于伤后1---2周视网膜水肿消退，出血吸收，损伤部位视网膜形成小的、带有少许色素的灰白色瘢痕。III级损伤急性病程约3~4周，出血可大部分或全部吸收，形成较大灰白色瘢痕，少数眼有白色条纹状机化组织形成。如黄斑部破孔，其急性病程则明显延长，可达数月或半年。对17例病人（18只眼）进行4~18年的追踪贯彻发现，激光眼损伤急性期愈后为眼底情况基本稳定，原有形成的瘢痕及紊乱的色素仍可见。</td></tr></table> </div> <div id="comment_193478" class="cm"> </div> <div 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