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show">|</span><a href="http://bbs.oecr.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=262224&extra=page%3D1&ordertype=1" class="show">倒序浏览</a> <span class="pipe show">|</span><a href="javascript:;" onclick="readmode($('thread_subject').innerHTML, 1113288);" class="show">阅读模式</a> </div> </div> </div><div class="pct"><style type="text/css">.pcb{margin-right:0}</style><div class="pcb"> <div class="t_fsz"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tr><td class="t_f" id="postmessage_1113288"> 根据美国科学家最近的实验结果，等离子钠米结构(plamonic nanostructure)二次<a href="http://light.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">发光</a>(secondary light emission)背后的机制可能不是先前认为的双光子吸收及荧光过程，而是由共振<a href="http://electronic.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">电子</a>拉曼散射(resonant electronic Raman scattering)所造成。此研究结果有助于藉由二次发光现象改良医学成像技术。<br /> <br /> <br /> 等离子钠米结构是一种能加强<a href="http://material.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">材料</a>内局部电磁场的金属组件，这是因为入射光会与等离子(导体中电子密度的量子化振荡行为)形成耦合。这类材料的光学性质与局域性表面等离子共振(localized surface plasmon resonance)直接相关，而此共振行为又与电子集合激发有关。这些钠米结构由于能发出“二次光”(secondary light)，逐渐被应用于化学感应器及体内成像中。<br /> <br /> 二次光的波长不同于原本入射的激发光，不过研究人员一直未能确定其本质。最近伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳香槟分校(UIUC)的David Cahill等人以金钠米棒(nanorod)悬浮溶液为模型系统，进行脉冲<a href="http://laser.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">激光</a>激发实验，结果<a href="http://display.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">显示</a>共振电子拉曼散射(resonant electronic Raman scattering)可用来描述此发光现象。<br /> <br /> 某些材料如有机染料或磷光体等会吸收某些波长的光，稍后发出不同波长的光，此即荧光。在拉曼散射中，激发光则是被材料中的分子振动或电子-空穴对散射，其波长会立即转移至其它波长。由于两种机制都有波长改变，并不容易区分。<br /> <br /> 此研究团队使用波长488 nm和785 nm的激光激发金钠米棒，并且分析样本所发出的光谱。他们发现在钠米棒等离子共振处的发光现象会加强。团队成员Jingyu Huang表示，等离子结构发出的光波长小于原先激发光波长，过去学者常以双光子吸收及荧光现象加以解释，但该团队认为此发光现象源于电子-空穴对导致的拉曼散射，而且他们的模型能成功预测脉冲激光的功率、间隔及照光时间如何影响此二次发光行为。对此机制的进一步了解有助于发展须分析此类发光现象的生物成像技术。<br /> <br /> 该研究团队目前计划研究以微影技术所制造的等离子结构。这将有助于解开此发光现象的其它谜团，譬如在极高激光功率时，<a href="http://theory.oecr.com" target="_blank" class="relatedlink">理论</a>预测与实验结果的不一致。详见 PNAS | doi: 10.1073/pnas.1311477111。<br /> 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